A microgrid can connect and disconnect from the grid to enable it to operate in both grid-connected and island-mode" [2]. Microgrids are increasingly being utilized as backup systems for reliability and resilience solutions. Microgrids have largely been adopted by military bases, hospitals, academic institutions, cities, and ports.
for microgrids and discusses how microgrids are used to enhance resilience (Section 2.1), concluding with a discussion of state-level resilience efforts (Section 2.2). 2.1 Defining Microgrids
resilience quantification. The rest of the article is organized as follows: Section II defines microgrid resilience and presents our proposed hierarchical relationship between the infrastructural and operational resilience dimensions of the microgrid. A novel framework for microgrid resilience metric calculation is introduced in Section III.
All three initiatives were spearheaded by the U.S. Army, which aims to have a microgrid at each of its installations worldwide by 2035, according to its 2023 climate strategy. The Army is using microgrids to increase energy independence and resilience at its bases while also reducing energy costs and carbon emissions.
This article presents a comprehensive data-driven approach on enhancing grid-connected microgrid grid resilience through advanced forecasting and optimization techniques in the context of power outages. Power outages pose significant challenges to modern societies, affecting various sectors such as industries, households, and critical infrastructures.
Strategies for enhancing power system resilience using microgrids can be divided into two categories: global resilience, or resilience of the power grid via microgrids, and local resilience,
microgrid resilience concept. • We layout the framework for a context-aware and holistic quantitative resilience metric that can be used for assessing the resilience potential of a given microgrid design. • We demonstrate the workings of the proposed framework for determining the resilience baseline of a microgrid through a detailed case study.
These works have focused on one specific aspect of microgrid resilience at a time, including physical sturdiness from natural disasters and maintaining cybersecurity. The work presented in this paper encompasses a holistic qualitative approach for assessing the external threats and associated vulnerabilities to a microgrid, and provides design
The aim is improve the microgrid resilience in islanded configurations. The protection and IEEE Standard 1547-2018 ride-through settings are validated in controller hardware-in-the-loop simulation, validating the proposed design process. Additionally, detailed implementation of ride-through enabling controls are discussed.
The Grid Deployment Office released $3.46 billion in the first wave of funding from its Grid Resilience and Innovation Partnership (GRIP) program. Among the recipients in this round are several projects that include microgrids. Funding was released on three tracts – Grid Resilience Utility and Industry, Smart Grid, and Grid Innovation Program.
Microgrids support national security. Both Schneider Electric and Ameresco have been involved in developing microgrid projects for the U.S. military, which is investing heavily in the technology because of the energy
We examine the impacts for microgrids in California, Maryland, and New Mexico and show that a hybrid microgrid is a more resilient and cost-effective solution than a diesel-only system. Under realistic conditions, a hybrid microgrid can provide higher system reliability when islanded and have a lower life cycle cost under multiple market
the Pu`uloa Microgrid that will integreate smart grid technology within a front-of-the-meter microgrid design to improve energy resilience for Joint Base Pearl Harbor Hickam (JBPHH) and Oahu. Pu`uloa Microgrid will use smart grid technology, microgrid control systems, and new electrical infrastructure to provide critical grid
Recharged EVs can also supply power and grid services, such as voltage regulation, back to the microgrid (i.e., vehicle-to-microgrid resilience). Another benefit of integrating these additional resilience solutions into a microgrid is that regulatory agencies and city councils tend to like them, which can aid the project approval process.
As distributed resource island systems, microgrids provide flexible and effective ways to maintain or restore power supply after an extreme event and enhance power system resilience. This
The rest of this article delineates threats, vulnerability, and mitigation strategies for microgrid resilience—understanding and quantification of these three aspects lay the
Among these studies, a multi-phase resilience trapezoid model and related resilience metrics have been developed and widely used to assess different resilience-oriented strategies [4, 6, 35, 36]. Most resilience metrics presented in
Strategies for enhancing power system resilience using microgrids can be divided into two categories: global resilience, or resilience of the power grid via microgrids, and local resilience,
In addition to studies on strategies adopted by microgrids for enhancing their resilience, studies on the resilience of particular components are also available in the literature. The failure of a distribution line and its impact on the resilience of a microgrid is analyzed in , where fragility curves are utilized to predict the line failure.
Microgrids can provide a backup source of power during grid outages and ensure the resilience of critical loads. However, this requires that the microgrid itself is resilient to both physical and cyber threats.
Eskandarpour, R., Lotfi, H., & Khodaei, A. (2016). Optimal microgrid placement for enhancing power system resilience in response to weather events. In: North American Power Symposium (NAPS), Denver, CO, USA. Microgrid placement is discussed as a means to improve power system resilience in the paper "Critical Infrastructure Protection" by Campbell RJ, focusing on weather-related power outages.
Similarly, the expected resiliency may not be achieved during the emergency operation due to lower fidelity modeling of microgrid components. Therefore, the equivalent modeling may result in a difference in the expected and actually achieved resilience during the outages. 6.2. Future directions
In addition to power only microgrids, resilience analysis and resilience enhancement strategies for multi-energy microgrids and energy hubs are also available in the literature , , , , , , .
Critical Infrastructure (CI) systems pose threats to microgrid operation due to their highly interdependent nature. The impact of interdependencies between CI systems on resilience modeling of the microgrid is discussed. Due to interruptions in natural gas and/or water supply, there are threats to the microgrid.
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