Solar PV modules are specifically designed to reduce reflection, as any reflected light cannot be converted into electricity. PV modules have been installed without incident at many airports. This post summarizes research on PV system glare issues and compiles resources and key take-aways on the subject.
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Photovoltaic systems can cause glare when reflecting sunlight. The intensity and duration depend strongly on the way how the light is reflected and not only on the overall reflectance. This study shows a method to calculate duration and intensity of the reflections on the PV panel's surface.
As a solar panel tilts to track the sun across the sky, the amount of sunlight reflected might increase or decrease, depending on the angle and orientation of the solar panel. The angle at which sunlight hits the panel plays an important role in reflectivity. Visualize throwing a tennis ball at a wall.
In addition, the reflections can also be harmful to surrounding wildlife or heat-sensitive equipment. Most modern solar panels are designed with anti-reflective coatings to mitigate these issues.
PV glass surface texturing: Another recent design feature to limit reflection is to roughen the protective glass surface . A roughened surface reduces specular reflection, which has the potential to produce a sharper and more concentrated ray of light. A textured glass layer can reduce reflectivity as it produces a diffuse reflection.
Variation in PV module orientation: Another mitigation technique that can be employed is possible adjustment in the tilt and orientation angle of PV modules. These changes can alter the direction of solar reflection and hence the degree of glare impact. SGHAT/Forge solar can be used to check the glare potential for the new PV system design values.
Anti-reflective coating plays a notable role in minimizing solar panel reflection problems. By reducing the reflectivity of the solar panel surface, these specialized coatings can assist in reducing glare. However, it’s important to note that these do not entirely eliminate the glare, and some reflection will still be experienced.
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